An Investigation of Nurses' Perceptions of Mental Illness and Its Impact on Patient Care at General Hospital, Minna
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Background of the Study
Mental illness is a significant public health concern, affecting millions of individuals globally. Despite increasing awareness and advocacy for mental health, stigma and misconceptions about mental illness persist, particularly within healthcare settings. Nurses play a crucial role in the management of mental health conditions, as they provide direct care, counseling, and support to patients. However, their perceptions and attitudes toward mental illness can influence the quality of care provided to psychiatric patients (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024).
At General Hospital, Minna, a significant number of patients present with mental health disorders, either as primary or comorbid conditions. Previous studies have shown that negative perceptions of mental illness among healthcare workers can lead to discriminatory practices, reluctance to engage with psychiatric patients, and reduced quality of care (Adeyemi et al., 2023). Conversely, when nurses have positive perceptions and adequate knowledge about mental illness, they are more likely to provide compassionate and effective care (Olawale & Bello, 2024).
Despite growing research on mental health in Nigeria, there is limited data on how nurses at General Hospital, Minna, perceive mental illness and how these perceptions affect their patient care practices. Understanding their views will help inform policies, training programs, and interventions aimed at improving mental health service delivery in the hospital.
Statement of the Problem
Mental health disorders are often associated with stigma, which can be reinforced by healthcare providers, including nurses. At General Hospital, Minna, anecdotal evidence suggests that some nurses may hold misconceptions about mental illness, leading to inadequate or biased care for psychiatric patients. This can result in poor patient outcomes, reluctance to seek mental health services, and an overall decline in the quality of healthcare delivery. The lack of empirical studies examining nurses' perceptions of mental illness and their impact on patient care in this hospital creates a gap in knowledge that needs to be addressed. This study seeks to investigate nurses’ attitudes toward mental illness and how these perceptions affect their caregiving practices.
Objectives of the Study
1. To examine nurses' perceptions of mental illness at General Hospital, Minna.
2. To assess the impact of nurses' perceptions on the quality of care provided to psychiatric patients.
3. To identify strategies for improving nurses' attitudes and knowledge about mental illness.
Research Questions
1. What are the prevailing perceptions of mental illness among nurses at General Hospital, Minna?
2. How do nurses' perceptions of mental illness influence their approach to patient care?
3. What strategies can be implemented to improve nurses' understanding and attitudes toward mental illness?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses’ perceptions of mental illness significantly influence their caregiving practices.
2. Negative attitudes toward mental illness contribute to reduced quality of care for psychiatric patients.
3. Training and awareness programs will improve nurses’ perceptions of mental illness and enhance patient care.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in both general and psychiatric units at General Hospital, Minna. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and observational assessments. Limitations may include social desirability bias, where nurses may not openly admit to negative perceptions of mental illness.
Definitions of Terms
• Mental illness: A broad range of mental health conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior, such as depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders.
• Stigma: Negative attitudes and beliefs about a group, in this case, individuals with mental illnesses.
• Quality of care: The degree to which healthcare services increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes for patients.
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